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Go to Editorial ManagerWind Energy Conversion Systems (WECSs) have experienced significant growth in recent years.Among various types of generators employed in WECSs,Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSGs) are an attractive choice among the wide variety of wind generators due to several advantages.The growing penetration of PMSG-based WEGSs into the worldwide electrical grid raises the concern that the failure of wind turbine generators may potentially result in the collapse of the system.This prompted several countries to adopt the Low-Voltage Ride-Through (LVRT) for wind farms.LVRT is the capability to maintain the connection between the wind farm and the grid during certain periods of voltage sag.This paper presents an efficient LVRT control strategy for a 12.0MW (6*2MW) grid-connected PMSG-based Wind Farm (PMSG-WF).The proposed strategy aims to enhance the power quality and amount of injected power to achieve the grid code requirements by integrating a Braking Chopper (BC) and a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) with the conventional structure of PMSG-WF. The detailed mathematical models for a wind turbine, PMSG, power converters, DVR system, and grid model are utilized to analyze the dynamic behavior and operation of PMSG-WF.For DVR, a PI controller is used for voltage sag mitigation to inject reactive power during grid faults, while a hysteresis controller-based BC system is utilized to keep DC-link voltage within its permissible limits.The proposed system is exposed to three scenarios of symmetrical and asymmetrical grid fault conditions (single-phase, two-phase, and three-phase faults) at the point of common coupling to evaluate its dynamic response.MATLAB/SIMULINK environment is used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy during the studied scenarios.The results show the superiority of DVR in improving the voltage stability of PMSG-WF and maintaining the uninterrupted operation of the grid during different grid faults.
An accurate model for a permanent magnet syn- chronous generator (PMSG) is important for the design of a high-performance PMSG control system. The performance of such control systems is influenced by PMSG parameter variations under real operation conditions. In this paper, the electrical parameters of a PMSG (the phase resistance, the phase inductance and the rotor permanent magnet (PM) flux linkage) are identified by a particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm based on experimental tests. The advantages of adopting the PSO algorithm in this research include easy implementation, a high computational efficiency and stable convergence characteristics. For PMSG parameter identification, the normalised root mean square error (NRMSE) between the measured and simulated data is calculated and minimised using PSO.
As demand for sustainable energy continues to grow, wind energy especially provided by permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) connected to wind turbines, has become an important research area. This article provides a comprehensive review of various converter topologies used in PMSG-based wind turbines. The transition from asynchronous to synchronous generators reflects the industry’s response to the evolving landscape of energy requirements. The review explores the advantages and disadvantages associated with different power converter topologies. Among these, the ”back-to-back” converter emerges as a common and favored topology due to its superior performance over Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIGs). The study delves into the intricate details of these converter topologies, shedding light on their operating intricacies and the impact on overall wind energy conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates recent developments and outcomes in power conversion topologies, including resonant converters, matrix converters, and multilevel converters. Tests have shown that the continuously clamped three-phase neutral diode topology (3L NPC-BTB) is superior to the BTB 2L-VSC parallel two-phase converter with DC coupling and multi-level converters. The proposed converter topology improves energy extraction and provides a gainful solution for generator on the side converters of high-power, variable speed PMSG wind turbines. This review provides a comprehensive guide to the power converter topologies of PMSG in wind turbines and contributes to ongoing discussions on advancing wind energy technology. Additionally, this review article is also useful for researchers, engineers, and professionals interested in renewable energy systems.