Page 110 - 2023-Vol19-Issue2

106 | Abdulzahra, Alnahwi & Abdullah

TABLE III.
The optimized parameters of the proposed antenna.

Ref. Size (mm3) Coverage Bands Operational Frequencies (GHz) ReconfigurableTech. Peak Gain (dBi)
1.8–4.5
[10] 30×30 Wide, Dual and Tri band PIN-diode (2) 3.7
2.17-2.35 2.64–2.85 2.62–2.93
[14] 38 × 40 Multiband 2.13 to 3.0 6.8 to 8.36 12.039 to 13.14 PIN-diode (3) 5.6
[18] 30 × 23 Single and dual band PIN-diode (2) 3
[24] 100×100 2.45 and 3.7 PIN-diode (2) 6.5
[25] 25×27 Single band 2.2–3.8 PIN-diode (2) 2.8
[26] 50×33 Single and Dual Band 2–6 PIN-diode (2) 3.2
[27] 88×88 Wide and Dual Band 2–3.75 PIN-diode (4) 3
[28] 90 × 90 Wideband and multiband 2-6 PIN-diode (4) 3.9
[29] 35 × 25 Wideband and dual band PIN-diode (1) 2.49
[30] 60.8 × 48 Wideband and dual band 3.1-10.6,3-4.5,4.4-6 Ideal switch (5) NR
Wideband and dual band 2.76-8.21, 2.45 and 5.8
[31] 35.8 × 35 2.5 -10.5, 3.31 and 5.1 metal switch (2) 4
Wideband and dual band
This work 26 × 19 3-6, PIN-diode (1) 1.57
Wideband and dual band
3.7 and 5.8
2.95-8.2

3 and 6

[2] F. Alnahwi, A. Abdulhameed, and A. Abdullah, “A com- portable uwb applications,” Iraqi Journal for Electri-
pact integrated uwb/reconfigurable microstrip antenna cal and Electronic Engineering, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 1–7,
for interweave cognitive radio applications,” Interna- 2021.
tional Journal on Communications Antenna and Propa-
gation, vol. 8, pp. 81–86, 2018. [9] N. E. Abdulhussein and A. S. Abdullah, “Design of a
wide dual-band coplanar probe feed antenna for wlans
[3] L. Ge and K. Luk, “A band-reconfigurable antenna based applications,” In the 3rd Scientific Conference of Electri-
on directed dipole,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas cal and Electronic Engineering Researches (SCEEER),
Propagation, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 64–71, Jan. 2014. pp. 13–16, 2020.

[4] A. Boufrioua, “Smart miniaturized wideband/multiband [10] A. Ghaffar, X. J. Li, W. A. Awan, S. I. Naqvi, N. Hus-
and reconfigurable antennas for modern applications,” sain, B. C. Seet, M. Alibakhshikenari, F. Falcone, and
Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2018. E. Limiti, “Design and realization of a frequency recon-
figurable multimode antenna for ism, 5g-sub-6-ghz, and
[5] G. Jin, C. Deng, J. Yang, Y. Xu, and S. Liao, “A new s-band applications,” Applied Sciences, vol. 11, no. 4,
differentially-fed frequency reconfigurable antenna for p. 1635, 2021.
wlan and sub-6ghz 5g applications,” IEEE Access, vol. 7,
pp. 56539–56546, 2019. [11] F. M. Alnahwi, A. A. Abdulhameed, H. L. Swadi, and
A. S. Abdullah, “A planar integrated uwb/reconfigurable
[6] C. Wang, J. C. Yeo, H. Chu, C. T. Lim, and Y. Guo, “De- antenna with continuous and wide frequency tuning
sign of a reconfigurable patch antenna using the move- range for interweave cognitive radio applications,” Ira-
ment of liquid metal,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propa- nian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions
gation Letter, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 974–977, Jun. 2018. of Electrical Engineering, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 729–739,
2020.
[7] W. A. Awan, N. Hussain, S. A. Naqvi, A. Iqbal,
R. Striker, D. Mitra, and B. D. Braaten, “A minia- [12] F. Alnahwi, A. Abdulhameed, H. Swadi, and A. Abdul-
turized wideband and multi-band on-demand reconfig- lah, “A compact wide-slot uwb antennawith reconfig-
urable antenna for compact and portable devices,” AEU- urable and sharp dual-band notches for underlay cog-
International Journal of Electronics and Communica- nitive radio applications,” Turkish Journal of Electri-
tions, vol. 122, p. 153266, 2020. cal Engineering and Computer Sciences, vol. 27, no. 1,
pp. 94–105, 2019.
[8] F. Juma’a and F. Alnahwi, “Design and simulation
of butterfly-shaped filtenna with dual band notch for