Page 11 - 2023-Vol19-Issue2
P. 11

7|                                                              Leabi

                                                                [8] K. Gupta and A. K. Brar, “Improving the stability period
                                                                     using firefly algorithm,” IOSR Journal of Electronics and
                                                                    Communication Engineering, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 31–38,
                                                                     2016.

                                                                [9] R. Elavarasan and K. Chitra, “Energy efficient firefly
                                                                     algorithm based localization with optimal routing for
                                                                    wireless sensor network,” International Journal Of Cir-
                                                                     cuit Theory And Applications, vol. 10, no. 20, pp. 53–66,
                                                                     2017.

                                                                [10] K. M. Mamatha and M. Kiran, “Firefly algorithm for
                                                                      self-organization of mobile wireless sensor network,”
                                                                      Journal of Communications, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 270–275,
                                                                      March 2020.

    Fig. 7. Max number of hops                                  [11] M. Faheem, R. A. Butt, B. Raza, H. Alquhayz, M. W.
                                                                      Ashraf, S. Raza, and A. B. Ngadi, “Ffrp: Dynamic fire-
                                                                      fly mating optimization inspired energy efficient routing
                                                                      protocol for internet of underwater wireless sensor net-
                                                                      works,” IEEE Special Section on Green Communications
                                                                      on Wireless Networks, vol. 8, pp. 39587–39604, 2020.

                                                                [12] Q. Ding, R. Zhu, H. Liu, and M. Ma, “An overview of
                                                                      machine learning-based energy-efficient routing algo-
                                                                      rithms in wireless sensor networks,” MDPI Journal of
                                                                      Electronics, vol. 10, no. 1539, pp. 1–24, 2021.

                                                                [13] S. K. Leabi and T. Y. Abdalla, “Energy efficient rout-
                                                                      ing protocol for maximizing lifetime in wireless sensor
                                                                      networks using fuzzy logic and immune system,” Inter-
                                                                      national Journal of Advanced Computer Science and
                                                                      Applications (IJACSA), vol. 7, no. 10, pp. 95–101, 2016.

               Fig. 8. Rate of simulation times                 [14] S. K. Leabi and T. Y. Abdalla, “Energy efficient routing
                                                                      protocol for maximizing the lifetime in wsns using ant
[5] C. Hua and T. P. Yum, “Optimal routing and data ag-               colony algorithm and artificial immune system,” Inter-
     gregation for maximizing lifetime of wireless sensor             national Journal of Advanced Computer Science and
     networks,” IEEE ACM Transection on Network, vol. 16,             Applications (IJACSA), vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 100–108, 2016.
     no. 4, pp. 892–903, 2008.
                                                                [15] X.-S. Yang and X. He, “Firefly algorithm: Recent
                                                                      advances and applications,” International Journal of
                                                                      Swarm Intelligence, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 36–50, 2013.

[6] H. R. Karkvandi, E. Pecht, and O. Yadid, “Effective         [16] X. S. Yang, “Nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms,”
     lifetime-aware routing in wireless sensor networks,”             Luniver Press, UK, 2010.
    IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 11, no. 12, pp. 3359–3367,
     2011.                                                      [17] W. R. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan, and H. Balakr-
                                                                      ishnan, “Energy efficient communication protocol for
[7] K. R. Sharmaa, N. K. Sharma, and N. Danish, “A bio                wireless microsensor networks,” Proceedings of the 33rd
     inspired firefly algorithm for packet routing in wireless        Annually Hawaii International Conference on Systems
     sensor network,” International Journal of Communica-             Sciences, pp. 1–10, 2000.
     tion and Networking System, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 80–83,
    June 2014.
   6   7   8   9   10   11   12   13   14   15   16