Page 109 - IJEEE-2023-Vol19-ISSUE-1

Abed, Wali, & Alaziz | 105
(a) Oil
10-inch pipe length of 12 m, as shown in Fig. 5, Oil, water,
and gas were used as the fluid flow, which was given an
initial inlet of three velocities 0.1, 1, 2.5 m/s, respectively.
The ball has a diameter of 5 inches. Fig. 6, shows the mesh
distribution of the proposed system. The present problem is
solved by utilizing the 96245 mesh elements; all of them are
tetrahedral. The simulation generates 96245 algebraic square
matrices from utilized atrial differential equations, all of
which are solved using numerical methods, such as
Jacobean.

Fig. 5: The geometrical view of a spherical ball inside the (b) Gas
pipe.

Fig. 6: Mesh distribution of the present system. (c) Water
Fig. 7: Velocity profile of various fluids.
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
(a) V=0.1 m/s
A. Numerical Results Fig. 8: Comparison of velocity distribution between water,

This simulation used the Computational Fluid Dynamics gas, and oil for various velocities.
(CFD) module. Fig. 7, shows the velocity contours for
various fluids. The dead flow zones (blue color regions) are
formed in solid wall regions (pipe wall and ball wall). The oil
has the maximum dead zones while the gas has a minimum.
The dead zones are a boundary layer formed by the mean of
viscous forces Fig. 8, shows the velocity distribution
between water, gas, and oil for various velocities. The fluid
type has no significance on velocity distribution, and the ball
region prevails over minimum velocity values. The oil has
lower velocity values than the water case; the viscosity of the
oil is higher than water, indicating the flow resistance
behavior. Natural gas has higher velocity values than water,
yet its density is lower, resulting in fewer momentum forces
in the pipeline system