Page 107 - IJEEE-2023-Vol19-ISSUE-1

Abed, Wali, & Alaziz
As the figures show, the rows of the confusion matrices
represent the true classes, whereas the columns represent the
predicted classes. The numbers in the blue cells represent
correct predictions. These cells have higher values than the
other cells in the same row. Therefore, it can be assumed that
the model performed well if the diagonal (from top to
bottom) was highlighted.
(a) Training data
(b) Testing data
Fig. 2: The confusion matrices for SVM
(a) Training data
| 103
(b) Testing data
Fig. 3: The confusion matrices for DT
III. MODELING USING COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS®
The COMSOL Multiphysics® Software simulates the
actions of a smart ball with sensors to identify oil/water
pipeline breaches. COMSOL Multiphysics is a
cross-platform finite element analysis solution. It enables
physics-based and linked PDEs (PDEs). It is also monitoring
related tasks to improve an organization's performance.
Systems engineering, industrial engineering, and validation
sciences are related. COMSOL oversees the purpose and
status of projects within a program and can use this oversight
to support project-level activity to ensure program goals are
met by providing decision-making capacity that cannot be
achieved at the project level, providing the project manager
with a program perspective when needed, or serving as a
sounding board for ideas and problem-solving approaches.
COMSOL may be well-positioned to deliver this knowledge
by aggressively soliciting information from project
managers. Electrical, Mechanical, Fluid, Chemical,
Multipurpose, and Interfacing modules are available.
COMSOL Multiply allows linking and communication
between simulations. This horrible scenario is real [3].
COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 solves fluid, thermal, and
mechanical problems. COMSOL Multiphysics model
builder is a tree. The COMSOL tree's main components are
[32]:
v Geometry builder imports solid work geometry
via a graphical interface.
v Material specification: This item modifies the
physical characteristics of materials in the COMSOL
database or generates new blank properties.
v Physics selection specifies which physics will be
utilized to apply conservation equations and how
they will be connected and regulated. Physics needs
the boundary condition to solve.
v COMSOL's mesh generation is based on physics and
geometry. Normal, coarse, coarser, extremely
coarse, fine, finer, and very fine.
v Stable (steady state) or time-dependent
model-solving study (unsteady state).
COMSOL Multiphysics was used to develop the
pipeline form of this mobile inspection ball. The COMSOL
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module was used to