Articles in This Issue
Abstract
In recent years, increased importance of Smart Grid, which includes monitoring and control the consumption of customers of electric power. In this paper, Wireless Smart Electrical Power Meter has been designed and implemented which ZigBee wireless sensor network (WSN) will be used for wireless electrical power meter communication supported by PIC microcontroller which used for power unit measurements. PIC microcontroller will be used for evaluating all electric power parameters at costumer side like V rms , I rms , KWh, and PF, and then all these parameters will be send to base station through wireless network in order to be calibrated and monitored.
Abstract
In this work a new hiding system is proposed. It is based on Least Significant Bits (LSB) embedding of secrete image into another cover image. The proposed hiding algorithm embeds the secrete image bits in the least significant bits of the cover image pixels such that the number of secrete image bits that are embedded in least significant bits of cover image pixel is variable and determined randomly. Such cover image pixel may contain no secrete information bit, one bit, two bits , or three bits according to the pseudo random number generator that generates integer numbers randomly between 0 and 3. The resulting image (the cover image within which the secret image is hidden) is called stego_image. Stego_image is closely related to the cover image and does not show any details of the secret information. It ensures that the eavedroppers will not have any suspicion that message bits are hidden in the image. The proposed system achieves perfect reconstruction of the secret message.
Abstract
In this paper ternary logic is encoded into binary and certain processes were conducted on binary logic after which the binary is decoded to ternary. General purpose digital devices were used and the circuit is designed back to front starting from ternary logic provided by transistor pairs at output side back to front end. This provided easier design technique in this particular paper. Practical and simulation results are recorded. K eyw ords: Logic, ternary- binary conversion, coding, decoding. تشفير المنطق الثالثي رونق علي حبيب جامعة الب صرة / كلية الهندسة / العراق الخالصة في هذا البحث يتم تشفير المنطق الثالثي الى ثنائي ويتم اجراء بعض العمليات على المنطق الثنائي التي يتم بعدها االعادة الى الشفرة الثالثية . استخدمت النبائط الرقمية لالغراض العامة (general purpose devices) في تصميم الدائرة الذ ي يتم من مرحلة االخراج (output) الى مرحلة االدخال (input) بدءا من المنطق الثالثي باستخدام ازواج الترانزستور في جهة االخراج والعودة الى جهة االدخال . هذا يجعل تقنية التصميم اسهل ( في هذا البحث خاصة ). ولقد تم تسجيل النتائج العملية ونتائج المحاكاة للدائرة العمل . ية اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ واﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ Iraq J. Electrical and Electronic Engineering ﻡﺠﻠﺪ 10 ، اﻟﻌﺪد 1 ، 2014 Vol.10 No.1 , 2014 24
Abstract
In This paper presents an approach for optimal placement and sizing of fixed capacitor banks and also optimal conductor selection in radial distribution networks for the purpose of economic minimization of loss and enhancement of voltage. The objective function includes the cost of power losses, voltage profile, fixed capacitor banks and also type of conductor selection. Constraints include voltage limit, maximum permissible carrying current of conductors, size of available capacitors and type of conductors. The optimization problem is solved by the Imperialism Competitive algorithm method and the size and site capacitor banks and type of conductors is determined. To demonstrate the validity of the proposed algorithm, computer simulations are carried out on actual power network of Kerman city, Iran and the simulation results are presented and discussed.
Abstract
Present study develops short term electric load forecasting using neural network; based on historical series of power demand the neural network chosen for this network is feed forward network, this neural network has five input variables ( hour of the day, the day of the week, the load for the previous hour, the load of the pervious day, the load for the previous week). Short term load forecast is very important due to accurate for power system operation and analysis system security among other mandatory function. The trained artificial neural network shows good accuracy and robust in forecasting future load demands for the daily operation, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was calculated and it is maximum value is 0.75% in load forecasting on Monday.
Abstract
In this paper, a compact two-element cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) array with corporate feeding is proposed for X-band applications. The dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) array is excited by a microstrip feeder using an efficient aperture-coupled method. The designed array antenna is analyzed using a CST microwave studio. The fabricated sample of the proposed CDRA antenna array showed bandwidth extending from 10.42GHz to 12.84GHz (20.8%). The achieved array gain has a maximum of 9.29dB i at frequency of 10.7GHz. This is about 2.06dB i enhancement of the gain in comparison with a single pellet CDRA. The size of the whole antenna structure is about 50 50mm 2 .