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130 |                                                                                            Fathi & Aziz

                                                 TABLE I.
       COMPARISON BETWEEN SOME OF THE REVIEWED HAND IMAGE DATASETS

      Name               [10]            [11]                        Refrences          [28]           [29]
  No. of image          U-HD          11k hand                          [27]     PolyU Version2        NA
  No. of people     15-17/person                                                                       1200
                                        11076                     IITD Version1        7752            NA
        Age               57             190                           2300             193            NA
    Right- left         18-50           18-75                           230            10-55           both
Image size(pixel)        both            both                          12-57           both        1290 * 270
    Hand side       1536 * 2048     1600 * 1200                         both            NA            Palme
Capturing device   Dorsal - Palme  Dorsal - Palme                                     Palme      Laptop camera
     Purpose       Digital camera   USB camera                      800 * 600        Camera      Hand posture
                       Gender      Gender and ID                       Palme         General
                                                                      Camera
                                                                         ID

                   Fig. 2. Framework of the Proposed Work

system that employs deep neural networks and machine learn-       to 450*600 pixels. The aforementioned method was utilized
ing techniques to properly identify and track the essential       to detect hands and identify significant hand key points that
hand parts in real-time, including the fingertips, palm, and      would serve as a guide for the feature extraction procedure.
wrist. A few applications provided by MediaPipe include
hair segmentation, face detection, multi hand tracking, object    C. Features Extraction
detection, and monitoring. It refers to 21 joints or knuckle      In our proposed work and based on the 21 key points that
coordinates [31] as in Fig. 6 [18]. After the image is captured,  were obtained from the MediaPipe algorithm, we extracted
pre-processing is carried out to only get hand area informa-      43 features from the image of right palm with closed fingers
tion. In our study, we utilized the MediaPipe method to rec-      (RPC) for each individual in our dataset. As shown in Fig.
ognize and segment the hand region after resizing the photos      7 and Table II, the extracted features were 9(1 to 9) features
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