Aircraft detection is a vital and significant field within object detection that has garnered considerable attention from academics, particularly following the advancement of deep learning methods. Aircraft detection has recently become widely utilized in several civil and military fields. This comprehensive survey meticulously categorizes and evaluates diverse deep learning methodologies in airplane detection research. Encompassing radar-based, image-based, and multimodal approaches, the paper presents a structured framework to enhance understanding of the evolving research landscape within this domain. The survey critically identifies gaps and discerns emerging trends, offering valuable insights into standard datasets of aircraft images, performance metrics, real-world applications, and challenges and limitations encountered by aircraft detection systems. Its potential contributions are underscored as pivotal for advancing the safety and security of air travel. This research paper is the inaugural publication of its kind in the domain of aircraft detection review papers, establishing itself as an all-encompassing reference for subsequent scholars.
Parallel manipulators have a rigid structure and can pick up the heavy objects. Therefore, a parallel manipulator has been developed based on the cooperative of three arms of a robotic system to make the whole system suitable for solving many problems such as materials handling and industrial automation. The three revolute joints are used to achieve the mechanism operation of the parallel planar robot. Those revolute joints are geometrically designed using an open-loop spatial robotic platform. In this paper, the geometric structure with three revolute joints is used to drive and analyze the inverse kinematic model for the 3RRR parallel planar robot. In the proposed design, three main variables are considered: the length of links of the 3RRR parallel planar robot, base positions of the platform, and joint angles’ geometry. Cayley-Menger determinants and bilateration are proposed to calculate these three variables to determine the final position of the platform and to move specific objects according to given desired trajectories. The proposed structure of the 3RRR parallel planar robot is simulated and different desired trajectories are tested to study the performance of the proposed stricter. Furthermore, the hardware implementation of the proposed structure is accomplished to validate the design in practical terms.