This paper presents a method of generating realistic electricity load profile data for the UK domestic buildings. The domestic space features have been investigated excluding the heating and hot water systems. A questionnaire survey was conducted and the feedback were collected from a number of occupants at different intervals of times on daily bases in order to establish the probabilistic record of the estimated use of electrical appliances. The model concept of this study also considers the results of previous investigations such as that available in public reports and statistics as input data elements to predict the global domestic energy consumption. In addition, the daily load profile from individual dwelling to community can be predicted using this method. The result of the present method was compared to available published data and has shown reasonable agreement.
In this paper, a compact two-element cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) array with corporate feeding is proposed for X-band applications. The dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) array is excited by a microstrip feeder using an efficient aperture-coupled method. The designed array antenna is analyzed using a CST microwave studio. The fabricated sample of the proposed CDRA antenna array showed bandwidth extending from 10.42GHz to 12.84GHz (20.8%). The achieved array gain has a maximum of 9.29dB i at frequency of 10.7GHz. This is about 2.06dB i enhancement of the gain in comparison with a single pellet CDRA. The size of the whole antenna structure is about 50 50mm 2 .
Beam squint phenomenon is considered one of the most drawbacks that limit the use of (mm-waves) array antennas; which causes significant degradation in the BER of the system. In this paper, a uniform linear array (ULA) system is exemplified at millimeter (mm-waves) frequency bands to realize the effects of beam squint phenomena from different directions on an equivalent gain response to represent the channel performance in terms of bit error rate (BER). A simple QPSK passband signal model is developed and tested according to the proposed antenna array with beam squint. The computed results show that increasing the passband bandwidth and the number of antenna elements, have a significant degradation in BER at the receiver when the magnitude and phase errors caused by the beam squint at 26 GHz with various spectrum bandwidths.
Voltage instability problems in power system is an important issue that should be taken into consideration during the planning and operation stages of modern power system networks. The system operators always need to know when and where the voltage stability problem can occur in order to apply suitable action to avoid unexpected results. In this paper, a study has been conducted to identify the weakest bus in the power system based on multi-variable control, modal analysis, and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) techniques for both static and dynamic voltage stability analysis. A typical IEEE 3- machine, 9-bus test power system is used to validate these techniques, for which the test results are presented and discussed.