×
The submission system is temporarily under maintenance. Please send your manuscripts to
Go to Editorial ManagerThe power theft is one of the main problems facing the electric energy sector in Iraq, where a large amount of electrical energy is lost due to theft. It is required to design a system capable of detecting and locating energy theft without any human interaction. This paper presents an effective solution with low cost to solve power theft issue in distribution lines. Master meter is designed to measures the power of all meters of the homes connected to it. All the measured values are transmitted to the server via GPRS. The values of power for all energy meters within the grid are also transmitted. The comparison between the power of the master meter and all the other meters are transmitted to the server. If there is a difference between the energy meters, then a theft is happened and the server will send a signal via GSM to the overrun meter to switch off the power supply. Raspberry pi is used as a server and equipped and programmed to detect the power theft.
Multi-level inverters, as a result of the significant contributions they have made to the fields of high voltage and renewable energy applications, MLI has earned a prestigious place in the field of industrial electronics applications. The use of MLI makes it possible to generate an alternating voltage from a DC voltage or from voltages that are continuously applied thanks to this capability. The quality of the produced wave depends on minimizing the level of total harmonic distortion (THD) in the ensuing output voltage. Increasing the total number of levels is required in order to bring down the THD. The bigger the number of layers, the lower the THD. On the other hand, this necessitates an increase in the number of power switches that are utilized, in addition to an increase in the number of DC sources for certain types. A greater number of levels are achieved in this work with a reduced number of switches, and the DC source necessitates the use of specialized control over the switches as well as the grading of the DC source values. In order to demonstrate that the suggested converter achieves the needed outcomes, the MATLAB simulator is utilized.
To support medium-voltage and high-power applications in flexible power systems, multilevel inverters, which are commonly referred to as MLIs, are currently being developed. The conventional configuration of a multilevel inverter, which aims to accommodate a wide range of applications, necessitates the use of additional switches and sources and is subject to certain constraints. Through the built-in control of the boost converter and the PWM for each level, this research aims to discover a new method that uses a boost converter to obtain an MLI with a minimum number of switches, maintaining this number constant as the number of levels increases. The research results clearly demonstrate the reduction of THD to small values through the use of the boost converter in the proposed method. MLI is usually used in renewable energy applications to obtain certain voltages, for example, from solar cells, therefore, simulations were conducted within the framework of photovoltaic (PV) cells as an input source. When MLI configuration integration is added to a PV system, a lower number of switching components are used for a defined number of voltage output levels. This is in contrast to typical multilevel inverter topologies, which require a larger number of switching components to manage the gating pulse of PV-based MLI. The MATLAB/SIMULINK program assisted in carrying out this work.
The Maximal Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a method employed to maximize the generated power from an energy source, such as PV (photovoltaic) or PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell). In this study, the Grey Wolf Optimizer algorithm is utilized for the MPPT to regulate the boost converter positioned between the stack cell and the battery. The primary challenge addressed by the MPPT is that the efficiency of PEMFC is influenced by the supplied gases and cell temperature. To maintain optimal performance, the system aims to operate at the efficient power point, and the MPPT assists in achieving this by adjusting the voltage to align with the point where the PEMFC characteristic yields the maximum available power. Consequently, the MPPT’s objective is to identify the Maximum Power Point (MPP) and guide the PEMFC to operate at this specific point. This process is essential to overcome challenges associated with fluctuating inputs and to optimize the system for improved performance in a PEMFC. Typically, the MPPT control algorithm involves modifying the converter duty cycle (denoted as D) to compel the PEMFCs to operate at their MPP, ensuring efficient power production even under varying input conditions
The operational variables of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) such as cell temperature, hydrogen gas pressures, and oxygen gas pressures are highly effect on the power generation from the PEMFC. Therefore, the Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) should be used to increase the efficiency of PEMFC at different operational variables. Unfortunately, the majority of conventional MPPT algorithms will cause PEMFC damage and power loss by producing steady-state oscillations. This paper focuses on enhancing the efficiency of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell through the utilization of advanced control methods: Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), GWO with a PID controller and perturbation and observation (P&O) techniques. The objective is to effectively manage power output by pinpointing the maximum power point and reducing stable oscillations. The study evaluates these methods in swiftly changing operational scenarios and compares their performances. The obtained results show that the GWO with a PID controller increase generation power.
Electrical issues such as old wires and faulty connections are the most common causes of arc faults. Arc faults cause electrical fires by generating high temperatures and discharging molten metal. Every year, such fires cause a considerable deal of destruction and loss. This paper proposes a new method for detecting residential series and parallel arc faults. A simulation model for the arc is employed to simulate the arc faults in series and parallel circuits. The fault features are then retrieved using a signal processing approach called Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) designed in MATLAB/Simulink based on the fault detection algorithm. Then db2 and one level were found appropriate mother and level of wavelet transform for extracting arc-fault features. MATLAB Simulink was used to build and simulate the arc-fault model.