Cover
Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026)

Published: June 15, 2026

Pages: 540-552

Original Article

Excitation Control Enhancement for the Synchronous Generator Using Effective Control Methodology

Hawraa N. Jasim 1 Kasim K. Abdalla 2
1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical Institute of Babylon, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Babylon, Iraq.
2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq.
History
  • Received: September 6, 2024
  • Revised: October 18, 2024
  • Accepted: October 23, 2024
  • Available Online: June 15, 2026
DOI

https://doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.22.1.48

Abstract

In electrical power plants, the excitation control system is an important part of controlling the output voltage of the synchronous generators. The purpose of this paper is to utilize various methods of excitation control, such as Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID), Simulated Annealing (SA), and Neural Network (NN) controllers. Each method is examined in terms of its effectiveness in enhancing system stability, reliability, and adaptability to varying operational conditions. The study simulates and optimizes a 2 MVA/400 V synchronous generator driven by a three-phase diesel engine with mechanical coupling and an exciter system. MATLAB 2021 is used to implement the Simulink model. The dynamic responses of field voltage and field current to load changes were analyzed for each control technique. Additionally, the performance of three-phase voltage and current for synchronous generator were examined over a 10-second timeframe. Our findings indicate that the PID controller offers straightforward implementation and reliable performance under varying conditions. The NN controller implementation is more similar to the PID response, and the SA controller demonstrates superior adaptability. The research underscores the potential of integrating these advanced control techniques in synchronous generators, paving the way for enhanced stability and reliability in modern electric power systems, with further implications for renewable energy integration.

Keywords

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