Cover
Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026)

Published: June 15, 2026

Pages: 521-531

Original Article

Concatenated RS/Hamming Code in f-OFDM System

Ghada Abood Jassim 1 Ghasan Ali Hussain 1
1 Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Iraq
History
  • Received: September 21, 2024
  • Revised: October 18, 2024
  • Accepted: October 20, 2024
  • Available Online: June 15, 2026
DOI

https://doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.22.1.46

Abstract

With the appearance of Fifth Generation (5G) technology , its necessary to fast the enhancing of the current networks, because of the limitations of Fourth Generation (4G) in terms of data transmission. Although the benefits of the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) standard of the LTE systems, it has demerits such as rises the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) as well, high Out-Of-Band Emission (OOBE). Thus, it is considered unsuitable for 5G. In this paper, the filtered OFDM (f-OFDM) is proposed for 5G wireless communication systems as an alternative of OFDM because of its low OOBE. Nevertheless, a trade-off between minimize Bit Error Rate (BER) and OOBE and managing PAPR values are the challenge. One of the most important objectives in this paper is achieving balance among this trade-off through proposing concatenated Reed-Solomon (RS)-Hamming codes to improve f-OFDM systems performance. The proposed method utilizes an external RS (7, 1) code with an internal Hamming (7, 4) codes, then appended of an interleaver to combat random errors and help RS code in correcting errors. The results indicated that the proposed f-OFDM system significantly reduced OOBE values compared to familiar OFDM system owing to use FIR digital filter, while minimizes PAPR and improved BER performance due to combined with concatenated codes. Thereby, the suggested system is presented as a highly competitor candidate future wireless communication systems thank to these benefits.

Keywords

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