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296 |                                                                       Abdulabbas & Salih

            0.25                         Io* =15 A                          control strategy offered is highly effective in attaining the
             0.2                         I*o=30 A                           required control objectives for grid-tied qSZI.

THD of I*o  0.15                                                                          CONFLICT OF INTEREST

            0.1                                                             The authors have declared no conflict of interest.

            0.05                                                                                 REFERENCES

               0                                                             [1] A. K. Abdulabbas, S. M. Salih, and M. A. Alawan, “The
                  2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6                                       analysis of sub-synchronous resonance in a wind farm
                                                   Kcd = Kcq                      for a doubly-fed induction generator using modern ana-
                                                                                  lytical method,” Iraqi Journal for Electrical And Elec-
Fig. 18. The relationship between the total harmonic                              tronic Engineering, vol. 20, no. 1, 2024.
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values of Io*.                                                                    mobono, “Current source inverter (csi) power converters
                                                                                  in photovoltaic systems: A comprehensive review of per-
TABLE II.                                                                         formance, control, and integration,” Energies, vol. 16,
COMPARISONS BETWEEN FOUR CONTROL STRATEGIES                                       no. 21, p. 7319, 2023.
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  Type of           [4]         [8]      [10] [16]              Suggested         current control of a differential boost inverter with hid-
 comparison                                                      control          den lcl filters,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,
                  unreported  Excellent  unreported unreported  approach          vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 889–903, 2018.
 Robustness       unreported   non-                             Excellent
Asymptotical                  existent   unreported   non-                   [4] J. Xu, S. Xie, and T. Tang, “Active damping-based con-
Global stability                                     existent   Guaranteed        trol for grid-connected lcl-filtered inverter with injected
                                                                                  grid current feedback only,” IEEE Transactions on Indus-
Damping           Not needed Not needed Not needed needed       Not needed        trial Electronics, vol. 61, no. 9, pp. 4746–4758, 2013.
 resistor          Rapid Very fast Very fast Rapid              Very fast
Responsive                                                                   [5] M. Ozturk, F. Zungor, B. Emre, and B. Oz, “Quasi res-
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Harmonic          Good         non-       non-        non-      Very good
rejection                     existent   existent    existent                [6] M. Turzynski and P. J. Chrzan, “Reducing common-
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                                                                                  link inverter,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,
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heightened control intricacy. The suggested control mecha-                  [7] L. Liu, J. Xu, J. Ye, and A. Shen, “Passivity enhance-
nism ensures the overall stability of the closed-loop system.                    ment and grid-current distortion mitigation for inverter-
Furthermore, it incorporates two loops that are dependent on                     side current controlled lcl-type grid-connected inverters,”
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of the capacitor. These loops contribute to achieving a desir-
able level of damping performance. The control of the direct                [8] M. A. Estrada, J. A. Moreno, and L. Fridman, “Sliding
current (dc) side is achieved by the utilization of a straight-                  mode controllers design based on control lyapunov func-
forward boost control mechanism. The closed-loop system                          tions for uncertain lti systems,” IFAC-PapersOnLine,
is regulated by integrating the shoot through states with the                   vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 1615–1620, 2023.
PWM signal acquired by the Lyapunov function-based control
approach. Theoretical considerations have been confirmed                    [9] S. Prakash, J. K. Singh, and R. K. Behera, “Lyapunov
through computer simulations conducted during steady-state                       function based control strategy for single-phase grid-
operation and a sudden alteration in the amplitude of the ref-                   connected pv system with lcl-filter,” in 2020 IEEE Inter-
erence grid current. The findings provided indicate that the                     national Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and
                                                                                Energy Systems (PEDES), pp. 1–6, IEEE, 2020.
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