June 2011
<Previous Issue Next Issue>
 Open Access |
| A Study on Pre-processing Algorithms for Metal Parts Inspection |
| Haider Sh. Hashim, Anton Satria Prabuwono, Siti Norul Huda Sheikh Abdullah |
| Pages: 1-4 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.1 |
| Abstract: |
| Pre-processing is very useful in a variety of situations since it helps to suppress information that is not related to the exact image processing or analysis task. Mathematical morphology is used for analysis, understanding and image processing. It is an influential method in the geometric morphological analysis and image understanding. It has befallen a new theory in the digital image processing domain. Edges detection and noise reduction are a crucial and very important pre-processing step. The classical edge detection methods and filtering are less accurate in detecting complex edge and filtering various types of noise. This paper proposed some useful mathematic morphological techniques to detect edge and to filter noise in metal parts image. The experimental result showed that the proposed algorithm helps to increase accuracy of metal parts inspection system. |
| Open Access |
| Generalized Chebyshev-like Approximation for Low-pass Filter |
| Hisham L. Swady |
| Pages: 5-8 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.2 |
| Abstract: |
| Analog filters constitute indispensible component of analog circuits and still playing an important part in interface with analog real world. realizing filters with odd order is preferred because of its time response . Therefore, this paper is conducted to introduce a new generalized Chebyshev – like approximation for analog filters. The analyses presented to realize the filters with odd order. This proposed novel approach offer good results in terms of flat delay and time domain response. Also, the achieved results are validated by comparison to normal Chebyshev filter via investigation several examples. |
| Open Access |
| DSP-Based Control of Multi-Rail DC-DC Converter Systems with Non-Integer Switching Frequency Ratios |
| James Mooney, Simon Effler, Mark Halton, Abdulhussain E. Mahdi |
| Pages: 9-13 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.3 |
| Abstract: |
| This paper examines the use of non-integer switching frequency ratios in digitally controlled DC-DC converters. In particular the execution of multiple control algorithms using a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) for this application is analyzed. The variation in delay from when the Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) samples the output voltage to when the duty cycle is updated is identified as a critical factor to be considered when implementing the digital control system. Fixing the delay to its maximum value is found to produce reasonable performance using a conventional DSP. A modification of the DSP’s interrupt control logic is proposed here that minimizes the delay and thereby yields improved performance compared with that given by a standard interrupt controller. Applying this technique to a multi-rail power supply system provides the designer with the flexibility to choose arbitrary switching frequencies for individual converters, thereby allowing optimization of the efficiency and performance of the individual converters. |
| Open Access |
| Design and Implementation of a Fuzzy Controller for Small Rotation Angles |
| Mohammed Mahmood Hussein |
| Pages: 14-18 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.4 |
| Abstract: |
| This paper present an adaptation mechanism for fuzzy logic controller FLC in order to perfect the response performance against small rotation angles of real D.C. motor with unknown parameters. A supervisor fuzzy controller SFC is designed to continuously adjust, on-line, the universe of discourse UOD of the basic fuzzy controller BFC input variables based on position error and change of position error. Performance of the proposed adaptive fuzzy controller is compared with corresponding conventional FLC in terms of several performance measures such rise time, settling time, peak overshoot, and steady state error. The system design and implementation are carried out using LabVIEW 2009 with NI PCI-6251 data acquisition DAQ card. The practical results demonstrate using self tuning FLC scheme grant a better performance as compared with conventional FLC which is incapable of rotating a motor if the rotation angle is being small. |
| Open Access |
| Combined Sliding Mode Control with a Feedback Linearization for Speed Control of Induction Motor |
| Aamir Hashim Obeid Ahmed, Martino O. Ajangnay, Shamboul A. Mohamed, Matthew W. Dunnigan |
| Pages: 19-24 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.5 |
| Abstract: |
| Induction Motor (IM) speed control is an area of research that has been in prominence for some time now. In this paper, a nonlinear controller is presented for IM drives. The nonlinear controller is designed based on input-output feedback linearization control technique, combined with sliding mode control (SMC) to obtain a robust, fast and precise control of IM speed. The input-output feedback linearization control decouples the flux control from the speed control and makes the synthesis of linear controllers possible. To validate the performances of the proposed control scheme, we provided a series of simulation results and a comparative study between the performances of the proposed control strategy and those of the feedback linearization control (FLC) schemes. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy scheme shows better performance than the FLC strategy in the face of system parameters variation. |
| Open Access |
| Designing robust Mixed H /H PID Controllers based Intelligent Genetic Algorithm |
| Ramzy S. Ali Al-Waily, Ali Abdullah K. Al-Thuwainy |
| Pages: 25-34 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.6 |
| Abstract: |
| It’s not easy to implement the mixed / optimal controller for high order system, since in the conventional mixed / optimal feedback the order of the controller is much than that of the plant. This difficulty had been solved by using the structured specified PID controller. The merit of PID controllers comes from its simple structure, and can meets the industry processes. Also it have some kind of robustness. Even that it’s hard to PID to cope the complex control problems such as the uncertainty and the disturbance effects. The present ideas suggests combining some of model control theories with the PID controller to achieve the complicated control problems. One of these ideas is presented in this paper by tuning the PID parameters to achieve the mixed / optimal performance by using Intelligent Genetic Algorithm (IGA). A simple modification is added to IGA in this paper to speed up the optimization search process. Two MIMO example are used during investigation in this paper. Each one of them has different control problem. |
| Open Access |
| Experimental prototype for PWM – Based Sliding Mode Boost Converter |
| R. A. Abdulhalem, Haroutuon A. Hairik, Asmaa J. Kadhem |
| Pages: 35-41 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.7 |
| Abstract: |
| The paper dells with a modified experimental prototype for pulse-width modulation (PWM) sliding mode control (SMC) applied to a DC-to-DC-boost converter operated in continuous conduction mode (CCM). Experimental results show that the proposed control schme provides good voltage regulation and is suitable for common DC-to-DC conversion purposes. The prototype and its implementation are given in detail. The static and dynamic performances of the The static and dynamic performances of the experimental system are recorded. Experimental results show that the proposed control scheme provides good voltage regulation and is suitable for common DC-to-DC conversion purposes. |
| Open Access |
| Minimization of Torque Ripple in DTC of Induction Motor Using Fuzzy Mode Duty Cycle Controller |
| Turki Y. Abdalla, Haroution Antranik Hairik, Adel M. Dakhil |
| Pages: 42-49 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.8 |
| Abstract: |
| Among all control methods for induction motor drives, Direct Torque Control (DTC) seems to be particularly interesting being independent of machine rotor parameters and requiring no speed or position sensors. The DTC scheme is characterized by the absence of PI regulators, coordinate transformations, current regulators and PWM signals generators. In spite of its simplicity, DTC allows a good torque control in steady state and transient operating conditions to be obtained. However, the presence of hysterics controllers for flux and torque could determine torque and current ripple and variable switching frequency operation for the voltage source inverter. This paper is aimed to analyze DTC principles, and the problems related to its implementation, especially the torque ripple and the possible improvements to reduce this torque ripple by using a proposed fuzzy based duty cycle controller. The effectiveness of the duty ratio method was verified by simulation using Matlab/Simulink software package. The results are compared with that of the traditional DTC models. |
| Open Access |
| Pitch Angle Regulation of Floating Wind Turbines with Dynamic Uncertainty and External Disturbances |
| Najah F. Jasim |
| Pages: 50-54 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.9 |
| Abstract: |
| This paper addresses the problem of pitch angle regulation of floating wind turbines with the presence of dynamic uncertainty and unknown disturbances usually encountered in offshore wind turbines, where two control laws are derived for two different cases to continuously achieve zero pitch angle for the floating turbine. In the first case, the timevarying unknown coefficients that characterize the turbine’s dynamics are assumed reasonably bounded by known functions, where robust controller is designed in terms of these known functions to achieve zero pitch angle for the turbine with exponential rate of convergence. While in the second case, the turbine’s dynamics are considered to be characterized by unknown coefficients of unknown bounds. In this case, a slidingmode adaptive controller is constructed in terms of estimated values for the unknown coefficients, where these values are continuously updated by adaptive laws associated with the proposed controller to ensure asymptotic convergence to zero for the turbine’s pitch angle. Simulations are performed to demonstrate the validity of the proposed controllers to achieve the required regulation objective. |
| Open Access |
| Development of a Prototype Renewable Energy System and its Modification to Suit Middle East Applications |
| Salman K Salman |
| Pages: 55-59 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.10 |
| Abstract: |
| This paper concerns with exploitation of renewable energy sources for meeting energy requirements of remote locations. It presents an investigation which is based on a practical project that was executed in collaboration between academia and industry. It involves design and installation of a prototype integrated renewable energy system which consists of two 15 kW wind turbines, electrolyser, fuel cell system (FCS) and the associated control equipment. It was installed at the furthest island of Shetland, North of Scotland, U.K. The philosophy used in designing this system is summarised as follows: During times of high wind, the electricity generated by wind turbines is normally greater than that required by site electrical load. The excessive amount of generated electricity is stored into Hydrogen by utilising an electrolyser which is then used to generate the deficient electric power by the FCS at times of low wind. |
| Open Access |
| A simple nonlinear mathematical model for wind turbine power maximization with cost constraints |
| Hosain Zaman, Hamed Shakouri G. |
| Pages: 60-63 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.11 |
| Abstract: |
| In this paper we have proposed a nonlinear mathematical model for a wind turbine. The objective function maximizes the power of the wind turbine and the constraints are related to the rotor and tower costs. Rotor diameter and hub height are the variables which affect on power of the wind turbine, so we have considered them as decision variable in our mathematical model. By increasing rotor diameter and hub height the power of the turbine will increase but the costs don’t let the infinitive increase in rotor diameter and height. The model applied for a typical case study and the results of solving the model for it have shown in the paper. |
| Open Access |
| Design and implement of smart relay based two axis sun traking system |
| jawad Radhi Mahmoodm, Haider Muhammed |
| Pages: 64-68 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.12 |
| Abstract: |
| Solar power is environment friendly power source, but is characterized by being highly dependent on the irradiation level which is function of the sun position on the sky. to overcome this ssituation and extract maximum power from the sun, th PV array must be kept nearly perpendicular to the sun during the daytime. in this paper, a smart relay based sun tracking system has been designed and implemented tp keep the PV array perpendicular to the sun during the day hours. |
| Open Access |
| Design & Implementation of a Mobile Phone Charging System Based on Solar Energy Harvesting |
| Qutaiba I. Ali |
| Pages: 69-72 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.13 |
| Abstract: |
| The ability to harvest energy from the environment represents an important technology area that promises to eliminate wires and battery maintenance for many important applications and permits deploying self powered devices. This paper suggests the use of a solar energy harvester to charge mobile phone devices. In the beginning, a comprehensive overview to the energy harvesting concept and technologies is presented. Then the design procedure of our energy harvester was detailed. Our prototype solar energy harvester proves its efficiency to charge the aimed batteries under sunlight or an indoor artificial light. |
| Open Access |
| A New Approach for Representing Photonic Crystal Fiber Index Profile to Determine their Optical Characteristics |
| Maan M. Shaker, Mahmood Sh. Majeed, Raid W. Daoud |
| Pages: 73-77 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.14 |
| Abstract: |
| A genetic algorithm is implemented to represent the different shapes of Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) profile; this is due to the fact that such fibers have special structure. A novel approach is suggested which differs from the usual fibers. By applying this new approach, more realistic representations of their profiles are drawn and hence highly accurate results are obtained including propagation and dispersion characteristics. |
| Open Access |
| Mobile radio propagation path loss simulation for two districts of different buildings structures in Mosul-city |
| Farhad E. Mahmood |
| Pages: 78-82 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.15 |
| Abstract: |
| In this paper two theoretical models have been considered for the prediction of path loss for two different districts in Mosul city, using MATLAB 7.4 program. The Walfisch-Ikegami (W-I) model for uniform heights and similar buildings in the Karama district . The other model is Okumura-Hata (OH) model applied for irregular and dissimilar buildings in the Almajmoa’a district. The information buildings heights are obtained from the civil Eng. Depart. in Mosul university. In this paper it can be shown that The effect of distance in regular area (karama) on path loss is about 10 dB larger than irregular area (Almajmoa’a), and The effect of varying antenna height in regular area (karama) on path loss is about 7 dB greater than irregular area (Almajmoa’a) for 40 meter variation. |
| Open Access |
| Compensation of transmission channel effects in chaos synchronization |
| A. Buscarino, L. Fortuna, M. Frasca, G. Sciuto, M. T. Rashid |
| Pages: 83-87 |
| FULL TEXT (PDF) |
| DOI: 10.37917/ijeee.7.1.16 |
| Abstract: |
| The synchronization of chaos is a well-known topic which attracted the attention of the scientific community in the last two decades. However, the robustness of the synchronous state has been not widely studied, especially considering real cases in which the effects introduced by the physical channel through which chaotic circuits interact, may deeply influence the quality of synchronization and even the onset of it. In this paper, the synchronization of two chaotic circuit coupled through a non–ideal channel is investigated. In particular, the effects of channels introducing a frequency–independent or frequency–dependent time–delay are investigated. Furthermore, two different design strategies to obtain a linear compensation block able to compensate the considered channel effects are presented and the recovery of the synchronous state is discussed. |