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Hussein, Muhajjar & Mahdi | 85

VI. A COMPARISON OF THE SEVERAL ALTERNATIVE extra image fragility required to accomplish the study's
SYSTEMS purpose. Furthermore, the use of lossless compression in the
form of PNGs assisted in maintaining the quality of the
The proposed method was compared to previous techniques embedded images, which achieved a PSNR of 70.82db and
to determine if image quality is maintained after embedding. an MSE of 0.005; both values are considered to be within
Suggested results showed a higher percentage of PSNR acceptable ranges for picture quality.
compared to other methods, showing the technique's ability This research helped create a new fragile watermark
to preserve image quality. as shown in Table IV and Fig. 7 generator using hashing and visual cryptography techniques,
explain the proposed method with other techniques. providing an additional layer of protection against
watermark tampering by ensuring that the attacker cannot
TABLE IV determine the nature of the watermark being entered. As a
SHOWS A COMPARISON WITH OTHER METHODS result, the technique employed in this research may be used
for more sensitive images and documents, such as
Method PSNR (db) government files, to detect any alteration on these documents
and the watermark's inherent fragility in this methodology.
Raj & Shreelekshmi, [7] 55.14 The suggested approach is very efficient at preserving image
quality.
Chitra, K., & Prasanna Venkatesan, V., [8] 56.49
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
Ayu et al. [9] 44.91
The authors have no conflict of relevant interest to this
Gul & Ozturk [10] 57.19 article.

Sinhal et al., [11] 49.68 REFERENCES

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